Sensation and perception are basic concerns of area members. Researchers study visual and auditory and tactile perception,seeking to understand how the nervous system gathers and interprets information from the vast array of sensory stimulation that reaches us.
What are the main differences between object perception and environmental perception?
Some aspects will therefore be highlighted and others will be neglected or ignored. (Although this is arguably true for all perception?
For Fun
Memory performance increases as a power function of amount of practice. Studies of the environment (e.g.libraries, newspaper headlinesO indicates that the probability that an item will be used in the next unit of time increases as a power function of the number of times it has been used. Memory performance decreases as a power function of decay between experience and test. In the environment, the probability that an item will be used in the next unit of time decreases as a power function of the time since last use.
Problem Solving
The process of being able to take learned information and apply it in a cognitive fashion to understand and solve problems.
Solving problems is a straightforward process requiring:
1. Knowledge. All knowledge needs to be used, everything from commonplace daily observations to advanced study of specialized subjects. It may be old knowledge, perhaps from early childhood, or it may be new knowledge encountered today for the first time.
2. Rules. A few simple rules, easily understood and applied, are used to establish WHERE TO START and WHAT TO DO NEXT
3. Practice. No one becomes an expert at anything by just being told howto do it. Consider baseball, basketball, golfing, pole vaulting, singing, dancing, or your own favorite skill. Practice must be done correctly in order to be beneficial. So it is with problem solving.
Big Six Skills link information problem-solving and critical thinking. Simply knowing that the World Book Encyclopedia exists involves a low-level of cognition. Incorporating knowledge and the use of this encyclopedia within an overall problem-solving strategy represents a higher level of cognitive learning. Traditonal library skills focus on knowledge and understanding of specific sources (lower cognitive skills) versus the ability to use critical thinking skills and manipulate information into a meaningful solution.
Brainstorming is a method for developing creative solutions for problem solving. It works by focusing on a problem, and then deliberately coming up with as many deliberately unusual solutions as possible and by pushing the ideas as far as possible.
Homework problems have long been used to reinforce and develop the ideas presented in lectures and textbooks, but most students are unskilled in the problem solving process and repeatedly fail to achieve the desired learning experience.
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